Thư viện học tập
75cấu trúc và cụm từ thông dụng trong Tiếng Anh phổ thông
75cấu trúc và cụm từ thông dụng trong
Tiếng Anh phổ thông
--------------------
1. S + V+ too + adj/adv + (for someone) + to do something (quá....để cho ai làm gì...), e.g.1 This structure is too easy for you to remember. E.g.2: He ran too fast for me to follow.
2. S + V + so + adj/ adv + that +S + V (quá... đến nỗi mà...), e.g.1: This box is so heavy that I cannot take it. E.g2: He speaks so soft that we can’t hear anything.
3. It + V + such + (a/an) + N(s) + that + S +V (quá... đến nỗi mà...), e.g.1: It is such a heavy box that I cannot take it. E.g.2: It is such interesting books that I cannot ignore them at all.
4. S + V + adj/ adv + enough + (for someone) + to do something. (Đủ... cho ai đó làm gì...), e.g.1: She is old enough to get married. E.g.2: They are intelligent enough for me to teach them English.
5. Have/ get + something + done (VpII) (nhờ ai hoặc thuê ai làm gì...), e.g.1: I had my hair cut yesterday. E.g.2: I’d like to have my shoes repaired.
6. It + be + time + S + V (-ed, cột 2) / It’s +time +for someone +to do something (đã đến lúc ai đó phải làm gì...), e.g.1: It is time you had a shower. E.g.2: It’s time for me to ask all of you for this question.
7. It + takes/took+ someone + amount of time + to do something (làm gì... mất bao nhiêu thời gian...), e.g.1: It takes me 5 minutes to get to school. E.g.2: It took him 10 minutes to do this exercise yesterday.
8. To prevent/stop + someone/something + From + V-ing (ngăn cản ai/cái gì... không làm gì..), e.g.1:
9. S + find+ it+ adj to do something (thấy ... để làm gì...), e.g.1: I find it very difficult to learn about English. E.g.2: They found it easy to overcome that problem.
10. To prefer + Noun/ V-ing + to + N/ V-ing. (Thích cái gì/làm gì hơn cái gì/ làm gì), e.g.1: I prefer dog to cat. E.g.2: I prefer reading books to watching TV.
11. Would rather + V (infinitive) + than + V (infinitive) (thích làm gì hơn làm gì), e.g.1: She would play games than read books. E.g.2: I’d rather learn English than learn Biology.
12. To be/get Used to + V-ing (quen làm gì), e.g.1: I am used to eating with chopsticks.
13. Used to + V (infinitive) (Thường làm gì trong qk và bây giờ không làm nữa), e.g.1: I used to go fishing with my friend when I was young. E.g.2: She used to smoke 10 cigarettes a day.
14. to be amazed at = to be surprised at + NP/V-ing: ngạc nhiên về....
15. to be angry at + NP/V-ing: tức giận về
16. to be good at/ bad at + NP/ V-ing: giỏi về.../ kém về...
17. by chance = by accident (adv): tình cờ
18. to be/get tired of + NP/V-ing: mệt mỏi về...
19. can’t stand/ help/ bear/ resist + V-ing: không nhịn được làm gì...
20. to be keen on/ to be fond of + NP/V-ing : thích làm gì đó...
21. to be interested in + NP/V-ing: quan tâm đến...
22. to waste + time/ money + V-ing: tốn tiền hoặc tg làm gì
23. To spend + amount of time/ money + V-ing: dành bao nhiêu thời gian làm gì..
24. To spend + amount of time/ money + on + something: dành thời gian vào việc gì..., e.g.1: I spend 2 hours reading books a day. E.g.2: She spent all of her money on clothes.
25. to give up + V-ing/ NP: từ bỏ làm gì/ cái gì...
26. would like/ want/wish + to do something: thích làm gì...
27. have + (something) to + Verb: có cái gì đó để làm
28. It + be + something/ someone + that/ who: chính...mà...
29. Had better + V(infinitive): nên làm gì....
30. hate/ like/ dislike/ enjoy/ avoid/ finish/ mind/ postpone/ practise/ consider/ delay/ deny/ suggest/ risk/ keep/ imagine/ fancy + V-ing, e.g.1: I always practise speaking English everyday.
31. It’s + adj + to + V-infinitive: quá gì ..để làm gì
32. Take place = happen = occur: xảy ra
33. to be excited about: thích thú
34. to be bored with/ fed up with: chán cái gì/làm gì
35. There is + N-số ít, there are + N-số nhiều: có cái gì...
36. feel like + V-ing: cảm thấy thích làm gì...
37. expect someone to do something: mong đợi ai làm gì...
38. advise someone to do something: khuyên ai làm gì...
39. go + V-ing: chỉ các trỏ tiêu khiển...(go camping...)
40. leave someone alone: để ai yên...
41. By + V-ing: bằng cách làm...
42. want/ plan/ agree/ wish/ attempt/ decide/ demand/ expect/ mean/ offer/ prepare/ happen/ hesitate/ hope/ afford/ intend/ manage/ try/ learn/ pretend/ promise/ seem/ refuse + TO + V-infinitive, e.g.1: I decide to study English.
43. for a long time = for years = for ages: đã nhiều năm rồi (dùng trong thì hiện tại hoàn thành)
44. when + S + V(QkĐ), S + was/were + V-ing.
45. When + S + V(qkd), S + had + P2
46. Before + S + V(qkd), S + had + P2
47. After + S + had +P2, S + V(qkd)
48. to be crowded with: rất đông cài gì đó...
49. to be full of: đầy cài gì đó...
50. To be/ seem/ sound/ became/ feel/ appear/ look/ go/ turn/ grow + adj (đây là các động từ tri giác có nghĩa là: có vẻ như/ là/ dường như/ trở nên... sau chúng nếu có adj và adv thì chúng ta phải chọn adj)
51. except for/ apart from: ngoài, trừ...
52. as soon as: ngay sau khi
53. to be afraid of: sợ cái gì.
54. could hardly: hầu như không ( chú ý: hard khác hardly)
55. Have difficulty + V-ing: gặp khó khăn làm gì...
56. Chú ý phân biệt 2 loại tính từ V-ed và V-ing: dùng -ed để miêu tả về người, -ing cho vật. và khi muốn nói về bản chất của cả người và vật ta dùng –ing, e.g.1: That film is boring. E.g.2: He is bored. E.g.3: He is an interesting man. E.g.4: That book is an interesting one. (khi đó không nên nhầm với –ed, chẳng hạn ta nói : a loved man có nghĩa “người đàn ông được mến mộ”, tức là có nghĩa “Bị” và “Được” ở đó)
57. in which = where; on/at which = when
58. Put + up + with + V-ing: chịu đựng...
59. Make use of + N/ V-ing: tận dụng cái gì đó...
60. Get + adj/ Pii
61. Make progress: tiến bộ...
62. take over + N: đảm nhiệm cái gì...
63. Bring about: mang lại
64. Chú ý: so + adj còn such + N
65. At the end of và In the end (cuối cái gì đó và kết cục)
66. To find out : tìm ra, To succeed in: thành công trong...
67. Go for a walk: đi dạo/ go on holiday/picnic: đi nghỉ
68. One of + so sánh hơn nhất + N: một trong những...
69. It is the first/ second.../best + Time + thì hiện tại hoàn thành
70. Live in: sống ở/ Live at + địa chỉ cụ thể/ Live on: sống nhờ vào...
71. To be fined for: bị phạt về
72. from behind: từ phía sau...
73. so that + mệnh đề: để....
74. In case + mệnh đề: trong trường hợp...
75. can/ could/ may might/ will/ would/ shall/ should/ must/ ought to... (modal Verbs) + V-infinitive
Good luck to all of you!
Gerunds and Infinitives
V + V-ing |
V + to V |
V + O + V |
V + O + to V |
Appreciate admit Avoid Can’t help Can’t stand Can’t bear Consider Deny Dislike Enjoy Feel like Finish Give up Imagine Keep (on) Look forward to Mention Object to Practise Put off Risk Suggest Be/get used to Be worth |
Afford: cè g¾ng Appear: cã vÎ Arrange: s¾p xÕp Decide: quyÕt ®Þnh Fail: thÊt b¹i Forget: quªn Happen: bÊt ngê Intend: ®Þnh Learn: biÕt Manage: cè g¾ng Mean: muèn Offer: muèn Plan: dù ®Þnh Prepare: chuÈn bÞ Promise: høa Refuse: tõ chèi Seem: dêng nh Threaten: ®e do¹ Hope: hy väng Expect: mong Hesitate: ngÇn ng¹i Agree: ®ång ý Want: muèn Attempt: cè g¾ng Wish: muèn Tend: ®Þnh
|
Make Let Have Hope Catch See Watch Feel Find Hear Overhear Observe
|
Advise: khuyªn Allow: cho phÐp Encourage: khuyÕn khÝch Force: b¾t buéc Invite: mêi Order: ra lÖnh Persuade: thuyÕt phôc Remind: nh¾c nhë Teach: d¹y Tell: b¶o Warn: c¶nh b¸o Show: chØ b¶o Command: yªu cÇu Ask: yªu cÇu Urge: b¾t buéc
|
giíi tõ vµ thµnh ng÷ th«ng dông trong tiÕng anh
1.OF |
2.TO |
3.FOR
|
4.AT |
5.WITH
|
6.ABOUT |
8.FROM |
DO
MAKE
LET |
A |
C |
E
Give place to : nhường chỗ cho |
I
L |
P |
T
Take care of : chăm sóc |
Expressions |
* ON |
* AT |
* OUT OF |
1.
|
HiÖn t¹i ®¬n |
Tobe : S + is /am/are ...... + S + V (S,ES)........ - S + doesn’t /don’t + V ? Do/does + S + V |
Everyday ,always usually,often ,sometimes Once/twice a week.. (thªm/es/ khi V kÕt thóc :s,sh,ch,o,x,z,/ts/….) |
2. |
HiÖn t¹i tiÕp diÔn |
+ S + is/am/are + Ving .. - S + is/am/are + not + Ving ? Is/am/are + S + Ving |
Now,at the momment,at this time ......... |
3. |
Qu¸ khø ®¬n |
· Tobe: S + was/were.... + S + Ved/V2............... - S + didn’t + V ? Did + S + V |
Yesterday,last............ .............ago |
4. |
Qu¸ khø tiÕp diÔn |
+ S + was/were + Ving....... - S + was/were + not + Ving ? Was/were + S + Ving |
At this time yesterday,at 7.00 last week....... |
5. |
HiÖn t¹i hoµn thµnh |
+ S + has/have + PII.......... - S + has/have + not + PII ? Has/have + S + PII |
Since,for,yet,ever,never Already,recently,lately,just.. |
6. |
HiÖn t¹i hoµn thµnh tiÕp diÔn |
+ S + has/have + been + Ving - S + has/have + not + been + Ving ? Has/have + S + been + Ving |
Since,for,up to now |
7. |
Qu¸ khø hoµn thµnh |
+ S + had + PII - S + had + not + PII ? Had + S + PII |
After,as soon as : sau khi Before : tríc,when ,by the time.......... |
8. |
T¬ng lai ®¬n |
+ S + will + V - S + will + not + V ? Will + S + V |
Tomorrow,next.......... In 2 hour, |
9. |
C¸c ®éng tõ khuyÕt thiÕu |
S + can/could/may/might/must/ have to/to be going to/ ought to… + V |
|
I.Passive voice (c©u bÞ ®éng)
1.HiÖn t¹i d¬n :
S + is/am/are + PII + by + O |
2.Qu¸ khø ®¬n :
S + was/were + PII + ......... |
3.§TKT (Can, could,will,may,might,must,have to...)
S + §TKT + be + PII.......... |
4.HiÖn t¹i tiÕp diÔn :
S + is/am/are + being + PII...... |
5.Qu¸ khø tiÕp diÔn :
S + was/were + being + PII ..... |
6.HiÖn t¹i hoµn thµnh :
S + has/have + been + PII........ |
II.GERUND (Danh ®éng tõ) Like,dislike,love,enjoy,hate,mind,start,stop,finish,keep,avoid,forget,miss,
suggest,.....+ Ving
-Giíi tõ (with,without,by,in,for,after,before........) + Ving
-Used to
a. S + used to + V :®· tõng lµm g×
b. S + to be + used to + Ving : thêng lµm g×
III.Wish :( c©u íc muèn )
1.Wish about present (íc muèn vÒ hiÖn t¹i)
EX : I wish I were taller. /She wishes she were a teacher.
We wish we had a lot of money.
They wish they didn’t have to go to school this Sunday.
S1 + wish (es,.) + S2 + were /Vqu¸ khø................ |
2.Wish about future (íc muèn vÒ t¬ng lai )
EX : He wishes he would go to Lon Don next year./ I wish I could play volleyball.
S1 + wish (es/..) + S2 + would /could + V ......... |
Forms of verb ( c¸c d¹ng cña ®éng tõ)
1. To-infinitive : (nguyªn thÓ cã “to” )
S + ask/want/advise/tell/request.........+ O + to +V..... |
2.Bare-infinitive :(nguyªn thÓ kh«ng “to”)
S + make/have/let/help.........+ O + V...... |
3. Ving
Like,enjoy,hate,mind,start,stop,finish,keep,avoid,forget,miss,.....+ Ving
4.Giíi tõ (with,without,by,in,for,after,before........) + Ving
5.Used to
c. S + used to + V :®· tõng lµm g×
d. S + to be + used to + Ving : thêng lµm g×